Wahyu 16:2

16:2 So ¹  the first angel ²  went and poured out his bowl on the earth. Then ³  ugly and painful sores ⁴  appeared on the people ⁵  who had the mark of the beast and who worshiped his image.

Wahyu 16:9

16:9 Thus ⁶  people ⁷  were scorched by the terrible heat, ⁸  yet ⁹  they blasphemed the name of God, who has ruling authority ¹⁰  over these plagues, and they would not repent and give him glory.

Wahyu 16:11

16:11 They blasphemed the God of heaven because of their sufferings ¹¹  and because of their sores, ¹²  but nevertheless ¹³  they still refused to repent ¹⁴  of their deeds.

Wahyu 16:21

16:21 And gigantic hailstones, weighing about a hundred pounds ¹⁵  each, fell from heaven ¹⁶  on people, ¹⁷  but they ¹⁸  blasphemed God because of the plague of hail, since it ¹⁹  was so horrendous. ²⁰ 

[16:2]  ¹ tn Here καί (kai) has been translated as “so” to indicate the implied result of the directions given by the voice from the temple.

[16:2]  ² tn Grk “the first”; the referent (the first angel) has been specified in the translation for clarity.

[16:2]  ³ tn Here καί (kai) has been translated as “then” to indicate the implied sequence of events within the vision.

[16:2]  ⁴ tn Or “ulcerated sores”; the term in the Greek text is singular but is probably best understood as a collective singular.

[16:2]  ⁵ tn Grk ‘the men,” but this is a generic use of ἄνθρωπος (anqrwpo") and refers to both men and women.

[16:9]  ⁶ tn Here καί (kai) has been translated as “thus” to indicate the implied result of the bowl poured on the sun.

[16:9]  ⁷ tn Grk “men,” but this is a generic use of ἄνθρωπος (anqrwpo") and refers to both men and women.

[16:9]  ⁸ tn On this phrase BDAG 536 s.v. καῦμα states, “burning, heat Rv 7:16…καυματίζεσθαι κ. μέγα be burned with a scorching heat 16:9.”

[16:9]  ⁹ tn Here καί (kai) has been translated as “yet” to indicate the contrast present in this context.

[16:9]  ¹⁰ tn For the translation “ruling authority” for ἐξουσία (exousia) see L&N 37.35.

[16:11]  ¹¹ tn Grk “pains” (the same term in Greek [πόνος, ponos] as the last word in v. 11, here translated “sufferings” because it is plural). BDAG 852 s.v. 2 states, “ἐκ τοῦ π. in pain…Rv 16:10; pl. (Gen 41:51; Jos., C. Ap. 2, 146; Test. Jud. 18:4) ἐκ τῶν π. …because of their sufferings vs. 11.”

[16:11]  ¹² tn Or “ulcerated sores” (see 16:2).

[16:11]  ¹³ tn Grk “and they did not repent.” Here καί (kai) has been translated as “but nevertheless” to express the contrast here.

[16:11]  ¹⁴ tn Grk “they did not repent” The addition of “still refused” reflects the hardness of people’s hearts in the context.

[16:21]  ¹⁵ tn Here BDAG 988 s.v. ταλαντιαῖος states, “weighing a talent…χάλαζα μεγάλη ὡς ταλαντιαία a severe hailstorm with hailstones weighing a talent (the talent=125 librae, or Roman pounds of c. 343 gr. or 12 ounces each) (weighing about a hundred pounds NRSV) Rv 16:21.” This means each hailstone would weigh just under 100 pounds or 40 kilograms.

[16:21]  ¹⁶ tn Or “the sky.” Due to the apocalyptic nature of this book, it is probably best to leave the translation as “from heaven,” since God is ultimately the source of the judgment.

[16:21]  ¹⁷ tn Grk “on men,” but ἄνθρωπος (anqrwpo") is used here in a generic sense to refer to people in general (the hailstones did not single out adult males, but would have also fallen on women and children).

[16:21]  ¹⁸ tn Grk “the men”; for stylistic reasons the pronoun “they” is used here.

[16:21]  ¹⁹ tn Grk “the plague of it.”

[16:21]  ²⁰ tn Grk “since the plague of it was exceedingly great.”